Ornithology in Brazil 1

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Early explorers The first European to provide accurate data about birds in Brazil was the Calvinist missionary <f17 Jean de L<CA>ry <f16 1534-1610 <f0. Lery lived among the Tupinamb<C2> Indians near the present Rio de Janeiro for years and gave valuable accounts of the birds known to the Indians. In the seventeenth century <f17Father Claude d"Abbeville<f16 and <f17Frei Cristovao de Lisboa<f16 published histories of the Maran<C4>o Island that included the animals and trees of that area and at the same time the German naturalist <f17Georg Marcgrave<f16 organized the first expedition on Brazilian soil. Marcgrave"s excellent <f18Historia Naturalis Brasiliae<f16 was published in 1648. In the eighteenth century the military engineer <f17Amedee Francois Fr<CA>zier<f16 visited Santa Catarina and made ornithological observations and <f17Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira<f16 collected in Mato Grosso and southern Amazonia. Ferreira"s work resulted in the first collected material that went to Museums in Europe. The nineteenth century After that of Ferreira, the second scientific bird collection to reach Europe especially the Berlin Museum was that of <f17Luis Beltr<C4>o<f16 and <f17F. A. Gomes<f16 of Rio de Janeiro and <f17F. W. Sieber<f16 of Par<C2>. Sieber is the discoverer of /Tinamus tao , /Crypturellus strigulosus , /Rostrhamus hamatus and /Pionopsitta vulturina . In 1813 <f17Georg H. von Langsdorff<f16 came to Rio de Janeiro and became an important figure in Brazilian ornithology. He later brought <f17G. W. Freyreiss<f16 who described /Laniisoma elegans , <f17F. Sellow<f16 who found /Anodorhynchus glaucus in Rio Grande do Sul and /Mergus octosetaceus and <f17E. M<CA>n<CA>tri<C9>s<f16 who described /Scytalopus speluncae and /Psilorhamphus guttatus . In 1815 <f17Prince Maximilian von Wied Neuwied<f16 also came to Rio de Janeiro. and for three years studied the fauna from Rio to Bahia and filled four volumes of the <f18Contributions to Natural History of Brazil<f16 with his studies. In 1816 <f17William Swainson<f16 came to Pernambuco and Bahia to collect animals and <f17Charles Waterton<f16 collected in Pernambuco and Maranh<C4>o. Certainly two of the most important naturalists working in Brazil at this time were the zoologists <f17Johannes Natterer<f16 and <f17Johann Baptist von Spix<f16 who accompanied Princess Leopoldina of Austria on her voyage to Brazil in 1817. The ensuing Natterer collection contained 12300 stuffed birds of 1200 species. Natterer also noted many characteristics concerning behaviour and distribution while Spix found various species including six species of Curassows, e.g. /Penelope jacquacu, Penelope jacucaca, Ortalis guttata, Pipile jacutinga, Nothocrax urumutum , and /Mitu tuberosa . <N In the middle of the century notable work was done by <f17Dr. Hermann Burmeister<f16 who visited Brazil in 1850 for two years and <f17Jean T. Descourtilz<f16 who, in 1851, began the study of such rarities as /Calyptura cristata . <f17Fritz M<DD>ller<f16 came to Santa Catarina in 1852. He was particularly interested in insects and plants, but he also studied hummingbirds. In 1853 <f17Karl Hieronymus Euler<f16 came from Switzerland to Brazil, where he studied mostly breeding behavior of birds. Later, <f17Herrman von Ihering<f16 settled in Rio Grande do Sul in 1880 as a medical doctor and naturalist. He was director of the Museu Paulista for 22 years and is a towering name in Brazilian ornithology as is <f17Emil A Goeldi<f16 who came to Brazil from Jena, Germany and who is known for the reorganization of the Para Museum of Natural History and Ethnography, which today bears his name, and for his studies in Amazonia. 441005 /Saltator similis , Picinguaba, east of Ubatuba, 10<10>15<10>99. Sunny, 27<91>C. Forest border. With /Dysithamnus stictothorax, Brotogeris tirica, Myiodynastes maculatus, Myiozetetes similis, Phacellodomus erythropthalmus, Galbula ruficauda . : Ub?2 Picinguaba. The coast east of Ubatuba:

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