Masked Yellowthroat
geothlypis aequinoctialis
Parulidae · Wood-Warblers
- Disc 2 · 2001 listed
- Disc 3 · 2006 listed
- Disc 1 · 2011 listed
The account
Description
13-14 cm. Male is olive green above with a black mask extending over the ear coverts. Upper rim of mask, neck and nape grey. Underside yellow.
The female is similar but lacks face mask.
-
Male Disc 3 · 2006 -
Female Disc 3 · 2006
Each plate is labelled with the disc's own caption.
Where it was recorded
The discs' own checklists select Masked Yellowthroat at 23 localities.
- Boraceia BOSB
- Fazenda Intervales FASB
- Fazenda Paraiso PASB
- Ilha do Cardoso ILSB
- Ilha São Sebastião SSSB
- Itirapina ITSB
- Jureia-Peruibe JUSB position not recoverable
- Marica MRRB
- Morro do Diabo MOSB outside the map
- Nucleo Sta. Virginia NUSP
- Parati PARB
- Pariquera-Abaixo PESB
- PE Carlos Botelho PCSB
- PE Jacupiranga PJSB
- Reserva Ecológica Guapiacú RERB
- Rio de Janeiro RIRB
- Serra Bocaina SESB
- Serra da Cantareira SRSB
- Serra dos Orgãos SRRB
- Serra dos Tucanos SDTC
- Sete Barras STSB
- Ubatuba UBSB
- Vassununga VASB
How the map was made
The original program computed each red dot at display time from the locality's coordinates, using its map library and one of five base maps drawn for the screen widths of the day. That library's projection — an oblique rotation of the sphere about the map's own centre, 23.7°S 47.4°W — was read from the program and checked against the graticule the same program drew into the base maps: it reproduces every grid intersection to within about a pixel. The dots here use that projection on the 1280-pixel base map, with the coordinates the discs record. Nothing was placed by hand, no modern map data was used, and a place whose coordinate is incomplete, out of range or beyond the map's edge is listed rather than guessed.
The discs carried location maps only; none shows a distribution or range.
The account, continued
Voice
Call a loud 'chiw' (vocalization # 5) and a fine 'chip'. Willis pointed out that there are two types of day songs: Type 1 consists of a fast sequence of descending 'chi'-notes, up to 14 notes in total (duration up to 2.1 s), listen to vocalization # 2 . Type 2 is more melodic and is similar to song of Cyanocompsa brissonii, duration 1.8 s, listen to vocalizations # 1 and 3 (119). The dawnsongs are more variable than the type 2 day songs. Two examples are heard on vocalizations # 4 and 6.
Behavior
Forages close to the ground in dense cover, usually in pairs. Males might sing from a more or less exposed perch. Rarely part of a mixed flock.
Breeding
Nest is a deep cup of grasses, lined with finer material.
Habitat and status
Common. Frequents moist scrubby meadows, marshland borders, seasonally flooded areas, scrubby forest edges, clearings with dense undergrowth, gallery brush. May have increased due to deforestation.
Distribution
Throughout, up to 1000 meters
Taxonomy notes
The Geothlypis aequinoctialis complex is actually a group of four distinct allospecies. Geothlypis aequinoctialis (northern South America to northern Amazonia), Geothlypis velata (central South America to central Argentina), Geothlypis auricularis (Pacific slope of Ecuador and Peru), and Geothlypis peruviana (upper Maranon valley of northwestern Peru) (154). The birds in Southeast Brazil belonging to the velata group differ from the birds of the aequinoctialis group by having more grey on top around the mask extending to the sides of the head and nape and by being smaller.
Decoded from the disc's own bytes. Each part is shown under the heading the disc files it under, and the wording, spelling and punctuation are the author's.
Vocalizations
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Iguape, 10/22/93, cloudy, 26°C, swamp forest
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Iguape, 10/23/93, cloudy, 25°C. With Saltator similis.
-
Song. Serra do Cipo, 11/15/98. Sunny, 20°C. Open scrub.
-
Three songs - Dawn song. Picinguaba, east of Ubatuba, 10/15/99. Sunny, 27°C. Forest border. Rest of the songs - December 21, 2004, dawn song, Nova Friburgo, Estado RJ, open scrub, 23°C, sunny.
-
Call. Rio Escuro, near Ubatuba, 10/13/99. Sunny, 27°C. Forest border.
-
Dawn song, Bertioga, São Paulo, November 4, 1995, rainy, 20°C, scrub forest, with Elaenia flavogaster.
Recording files on the disc
- 13825.mp3 Iguape, 10/22/93, cloudy, 26°C, swamp forest
- 220.mp3 Iguape, 10/23/93, cloudy, 25°C. With Saltator similis.
- 10195.mp3 Song. Serra do Cipo, 11/15/98. Sunny, 20°C. Open scrub.
- 13767.mp3 Three songs - Dawn song. Picinguaba, east of Ubatuba, 10/15/99. Sunny, 27°C. Forest border. Rest of the songs - December 21, 2004, dawn song, Nova Friburgo, Estado RJ, open scrub, 23°C, sunny.
- 13160.mp3 Call. Rio Escuro, near Ubatuba, 10/13/99. Sunny, 27°C. Forest border.
- 6423.mp3 Dawn song, Bertioga, São Paulo, November 4, 1995, rainy, 20°C, scrub forest, with Elaenia flavogaster.
Across the three discs
The work was published on three discs — Disc 2 in 2001, Disc 3 in 2006 and Disc 1 in 2011. Where they differ, that is a difference between historical releases, and it is never merged away. The 2011 disc is not treated as correcting the earlier ones.
Which discs list this bird
- Disc 2 · 2001 — in this disc's bird list
- Disc 3 · 2006 — in this disc's bird list
- Disc 1 · 2011 — in this disc's bird list
How that was established
- Disc 2 · 2001
aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1- Disc 3 · 2006
aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1- Disc 1 · 2011
aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
The disc's own record fields that place the bird on its list: a non-empty entry in the species table, and the byte that marks it as selected on a local checklist.
The account in the Disc 1 · 2011 revision
In the 2011 Disc 1 revision, part of this account was truncated at exactly 512 bytes (a 2011 mastering defect). The earlier releases preserve the complete text.
Truncated sections in the 2011 revision: taxonomy_notes. The complete earlier text is shown beneath each truncated section.
Description Disc 1 · 2011
13-14 cm. Male is olive green above with a black mask extending over the ear coverts. Upper rim of mask, neck and nape grey. Underside yellow.
The female is similar but lacks face mask.
Voice Disc 1 · 2011
Call a loud 'chiw' (vocalization # 5) and a fine 'chip'. Willis pointed out that there are two types of day songs: Type 1 consists of a fast sequence of descending 'chi'-notes, up to 14 notes in total (duration up to 2.1 s), listen to vocalization # 2 . Type 2 is more melodic and is similar to song of Cyanocompsa brissonii, duration 1.8 s, listen to vocalizations # 1 and 3 (119). The dawnsongs are more variable than the type 2 day songs. Two examples are heard on vocalizations # 4 and 6.
Behavior Disc 1 · 2011
Forages close to the ground in dense cover, usually in pairs. Males might sing from a more or less exposed perch. Rarely part of a mixed flock.
Breeding Disc 1 · 2011
Nest is a deep cup of grasses, lined with finer material.
Habitat and status Disc 1 · 2011
Common. Frequents moist scrubby meadows, marshland borders, seasonally flooded areas, scrubby forest edges, clearings with dense undergrowth, gallery brush. May have increased due to deforestation.
Distribution Disc 1 · 2011
Throughout, up to 1000 meters
Taxonomy notes Disc 1 · 2011
The Geothlypis aequinoctialis complex is actually a group of four distinct allospecies. Geothlypis aequinoctialis (northern South America to northern Amazonia), Geothlypis velata (central South America to central Argentina), Geothlypis auricularis (Pacific slope of Ecuador and Peru), and Geothlypis peruviana (upper Maranon valley of northwestern Peru) (154). The birds in Southeast Brazil belonging to the velata group differ from the birds of the aequinoctialis group by having more grey on top a
Disc 1 (2011) text ends here — truncated at exactly 512 bytes in the 2011 mastering (historical defect, kept as recovered).
Complete earlier text — Disc 3 · 2006 (80 bytes lost in 2011)
The Geothlypis aequinoctialis complex is actually a group of four distinct allospecies. Geothlypis aequinoctialis (northern South America to northern Amazonia), Geothlypis velata (central South America to central Argentina), Geothlypis auricularis (Pacific slope of Ecuador and Peru), and Geothlypis peruviana (upper Maranon valley of northwestern Peru) (154). The birds in Southeast Brazil belonging to the velata group differ from the birds of the aequinoctialis group by having more grey on top around the mask extending to the sides of the head and nape and by being smaller.
Shown for comparison from the Disc 3 · 2006; it does not repair or replace the Disc 1 · 2011 historical text above.
The work's own taxonomy
The discs carried three parallel name schemes. All three are shown as recovered; none is a modern taxonomy and none has been updated.
| Scheme | Scientific name | English name | Family |
|---|---|---|---|
| WORLD | geothlypis aequinoctialis | Masked Yellowthroat | Parulidae |
| CLEMENTS | geothlypis aequinoctialis | Masked Yellowthroat | Parulidae |
| AOU_HM | geothlypis aequinoctialis | Masked Yellowthroat | Parulidae |
Source details
- Identifier on this site
- seb_species_0359
- Account identifier
- seb_account_0359
- Account number on the disc
- 359
- Source edition
- CD03 / 2006 package
- Original taxonomy scheme
- WORLD
- Structure status
- heuristic; decoded_account_text and segment JSON remain authoritative