Tropical Parula

parula pitiayumi

Parulidae · Wood-Warblers

Disc 2 · 2001 listed
Disc 3 · 2006 listed
Disc 1 · 2011 listed

The account

Description

11 cm. Dark blue above. Male has black lores black forming a mask. Olive triangle in the middle of the back. Wings black with two white wing bars. Underside bright yellow, the chest and throat washed orange, the crissum lighter.

The female lacks the black mask.

The juvenile is gray on top; underside pale yellow (¹⁵⁴).

Male Disc 3 · 2006
Female Disc 3 · 2006
Juvenile Disc 3 · 2006

Each plate is labelled with the disc's own caption.

Where it was recorded

The discs' own checklists select Tropical Parula at 25 localities.

Historical checklist localities on the disc's own area map — the red dots the original program drew, placed by its recovered projection. Not a range map: it shows the places whose checklists record the bird, nothing more. 1 recorded locality lies beyond the map's edge and is listed below instead.1 has no usable coordinate and is listed below unplotted.

Angra dos Reis ANRB
Assis ASSB
Barreiro Rico BRSB
Boraceia BOSB
Fazenda Campininha FZSB
Fazenda Intervales FASB
Fazenda Paraiso PASB
Ilha do Cardoso ILSB
Ilha São Sebastião SSSB
Jureia-Peruibe JUSB position not recoverable
Marica MRRB
Morro do Diabo MOSB outside the map
Nucleo Sta. Virginia NUSP
Parati PARB
Pariquera-Abaixo PESB
PE Carlos Botelho PCSB
PE Jacupiranga PJSB
Reserva Ecológica Guapiacú RERB
Rio de Janeiro RIRB
Santa Barbara do Rio Pardo SNSB
Serra da Cantareira SRSB
Serra dos Orgãos SRRB
Serra dos Tucanos SDTC
Sete Barras STSB
Ubatuba UBSB

How the map was made

The original program computed each red dot at display time from the locality's coordinates, using its map library and one of five base maps drawn for the screen widths of the day. That library's projection — an oblique rotation of the sphere about the map's own centre, 23.7°S 47.4°W — was read from the program and checked against the graticule the same program drew into the base maps: it reproduces every grid intersection to within about a pixel. The dots here use that projection on the 1280-pixel base map, with the coordinates the discs record. Nothing was placed by hand, no modern map data was used, and a place whose coordinate is incomplete, out of range or beyond the map's edge is listed rather than guessed.

The discs carried location maps only; none shows a distribution or range.

Voice

Call a short 'zit'. Song often heard, high and buzzy 'tsui..tsui..tsui..tsui..tsui... .tsrrrrrrrrrriup' (1.9 s) (vocalization # 1). Willis (¹¹⁹) describes also another song type which consists of 16 'zi' and one 'ip' lasting 1.2 s. The song in Estado Rio de Janeiro ends on a less buzzy and slower trill (vocalization # 2).

Behavior

Forages for insects in the canopy of trees, follows mixed parties.

Breeding

Nest is a dome shaped structure with side entrance high up in tree.

Habitat and status

Locally common in open woods, restinga forest, border of secondary forest, parks with tall trees, rain forest border.

Distribution

Throughout. To about 1500 meters

Decoded from the disc's own bytes. Each part is shown under the heading the disc files it under, and the wording, spelling and punctuation are the author's.

Vocalizations

Song. Serra das Rosas São Paulo, near Franca, 11/7/98. Rain in the morning, then sunny, 27°C. Secondary forest. With Schiffornis virescens, Vireo olivaceus, Aratinga leucopthalmus.
Song (Rio dialect). Pereque, near Angra dos Reis, 10/16/99. Sunny, 30°C. Open woodland. With Legatus leucophaius, Troglodytes aedon.

Recording files on the disc

15551.mp3 Song. Serra das Rosas São Paulo, near Franca, 11/7/98. Rain in the morning, then sunny, 27°C. Secondary forest. With Schiffornis virescens, Vireo olivaceus, Aratinga leucopthalmus.
716.mp3 Song (Rio dialect). Pereque, near Angra dos Reis, 10/16/99. Sunny, 30°C. Open woodland. With Legatus leucophaius, Troglodytes aedon.

Across the three discs

The work was published on three discs — Disc 2 in 2001, Disc 3 in 2006 and Disc 1 in 2011. Where they differ, that is a difference between historical releases, and it is never merged away. The 2011 disc is not treated as correcting the earlier ones.

Which discs list this bird

Disc 2 · 2001 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 3 · 2006 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 1 · 2011 — in this disc's bird list

How that was established

Disc 2 · 2001: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 3 · 2006: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 1 · 2011: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1

The disc's own record fields that place the bird on its list: a non-empty entry in the species table, and the byte that marks it as selected on a local checklist.

The account in the Disc 1 · 2011 revision

The 2011 Disc 1 revision carries this account text unchanged from the Disc 3 release.

The work's own taxonomy

The discs carried three parallel name schemes. All three are shown as recovered; none is a modern taxonomy and none has been updated.

Scheme	Scientific name	English name	Family
WORLD	parula pitiayumi	Tropical Parula	Parulidae
CLEMENTS	parula pitiayumi	Tropical Parula	Parulidae
AOU_HM	parula pitiayumi	Tropical Parula	Parulidae

Source details

Identifier on this site: seb_species_0355
Account identifier: seb_account_0355
Account number on the disc: 355
Source edition: CD03 / 2006 package
Original taxonomy scheme: WORLD
Structure status: heuristic; decoded_account_text and segment JSON remain authoritative