Tropical Kingbird

tyrannus melancholicus

Tyrannidae,Tyranninae · Tyrannine Flycatchers

Disc 2 · 2001 listed
Disc 3 · 2006 listed
Disc 1 · 2011 listed

The account

Description

21 cm. Grayish head with dusky ear coverts and loral stripe and an orange semi-concealed crown patch. Above olive-gray. Wings and tail dusky-brownish with paler feather edgings. Throat yellowish. Chest with an olive wash. Belly yellow.

The disc records this picture against the bird without a caption. Disc 3 · 2006

Where it was recorded

The discs' own checklists select Tropical Kingbird at 28 localities.

Historical checklist localities on the disc's own area map — the red dots the original program drew, placed by its recovered projection. Not a range map: it shows the places whose checklists record the bird, nothing more. 1 recorded locality lies beyond the map's edge and is listed below instead.1 has no usable coordinate and is listed below unplotted.

Angra dos Reis ANRB
Assis ASSB
Barreiro Rico BRSB
Boraceia BOSB
Campos do Jordão CASB
Fazenda Campininha FZSB
Fazenda Intervales FASB
Fazenda Paraiso PASB
Ilha do Cardoso ILSB
Ilha São Sebastião SSSB
Itirapina ITSB
Jureia-Peruibe JUSB position not recoverable
Marica MRRB
Morro do Diabo MOSB outside the map
Nucleo Sta. Virginia NUSP
Parati PARB
PE Carlos Botelho PCSB
PE Jacupiranga PJSB
Reserva Ecológica Guapiacú RERB
Rio de Janeiro RIRB
Santa Barbara do Rio Pardo SNSB
Serra Bocaina SESB
Serra da Cantareira SRSB
Serra dos Orgãos SRRB
Serra dos Tucanos SDTC
Sete Barras STSB
Ubatuba UBSB
Vassununga VASB

How the map was made

The original program computed each red dot at display time from the locality's coordinates, using its map library and one of five base maps drawn for the screen widths of the day. That library's projection — an oblique rotation of the sphere about the map's own centre, 23.7°S 47.4°W — was read from the program and checked against the graticule the same program drew into the base maps: it reproduces every grid intersection to within about a pixel. The dots here use that projection on the 1280-pixel base map, with the coordinates the discs record. Nothing was placed by hand, no modern map data was used, and a place whose coordinate is incomplete, out of range or beyond the map's edge is listed rather than guessed.

The discs carried location maps only; none shows a distribution or range.

Voice

Call a sequence of high pitched 'tsii' sounds, and a rolling 'titititititititititi' series. Dawn song is 'sirrrr sirrrrr si - sirrrr sirrrr si-sirrr sirrrrr si.....'.

Behavior

Perched on trees, bushes and telephone wires, it catches insects by performing aerial hawks. Also frugivorous.

Habitat and status

The common kingbird of the area. Found in open bushy country, gardens, suburbs, road sides, agricultural regions, forest edge and clearings, and cerrado.

Distribution

Throughout. From sea level to 1700 meters in the Serra Mantiqueira.

Decoded from the disc's own bytes. Each part is shown under the heading the disc files it under, and the wording, spelling and punctuation are the author's.

Vocalizations

Dawn song. Fazenda Intervales, 11/7/95. Sunny, 30°C. Open country with single trees and bushes. With dawn song of Myiodynastes maculatus.
Calls. Cananeia, 10/12/99. Cloudy, 20°C. Open country near forest.
Calls. Near Itatiaia NP, Serra Mantiquera, 10/25/99. Clear, 30°C. Open area with swamp. With Troglodytes aedon, Thamnophilus ruficapillus.

Recording files on the disc

8929.mp3 Dawn song. Fazenda Intervales, 11/7/95. Sunny, 30°C. Open country with single trees and bushes. With dawn song of Myiodynastes maculatus.
13665.wav Calls. Cananeia, 10/12/99. Cloudy, 20°C. Open country near forest.
14319.wav Calls. Near Itatiaia NP, Serra Mantiquera, 10/25/99. Clear, 30°C. Open area with swamp. With Troglodytes aedon, Thamnophilus ruficapillus.

Across the three discs

The work was published on three discs — Disc 2 in 2001, Disc 3 in 2006 and Disc 1 in 2011. Where they differ, that is a difference between historical releases, and it is never merged away. The 2011 disc is not treated as correcting the earlier ones.

Which discs list this bird

Disc 2 · 2001 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 3 · 2006 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 1 · 2011 — in this disc's bird list

How that was established

Disc 2 · 2001: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 3 · 2006: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 1 · 2011: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1

The disc's own record fields that place the bird on its list: a non-empty entry in the species table, and the byte that marks it as selected on a local checklist.

The account in the Disc 1 · 2011 revision

The 2011 Disc 1 revision carries this account text unchanged from the Disc 3 release.

The work's own taxonomy

The discs carried three parallel name schemes. All three are shown as recovered; none is a modern taxonomy and none has been updated.

Scheme	Scientific name	English name	Family
WORLD	tyrannus melancholicus	Tropical Kingbird	Tyrannidae,Tyranninae
CLEMENTS	tyrannus melancholicus	Tropical Kingbird	Tyrannidae,Tyranninae
AOU_HM	tyrannus melancholicus	Tropical Kingbird	Tyrannidae,Tyranninae

Source details

Identifier on this site: seb_species_0288
Account identifier: seb_account_0288
Account number on the disc: 288
Source edition: CD03 / 2006 package
Original taxonomy scheme: WORLD
Structure status: heuristic; decoded_account_text and segment JSON remain authoritative