Gray Monjita

xolmis cinerea

Tyrannidae,Fluvicolinae · Fluvicoline Flycatchers

Disc 2 · 2001 listed
Disc 3 · 2006 listed
Disc 1 · 2011 listed

The account

Description

21 cm. A conspicuous large flycatcher of the campos. Iris red. Light gray above with a broad white superciliary stripe reaching the eye. Wings black with large white area (see pic #2), white edges of tertial flight feathers and wing coverts with white tips. A conspicuous black malar stripe. Below gray. Throat and belly white. Tail black, broadly tipped white.

The disc records this picture against the bird without a caption. Disc 3 · 2006

Where it was recorded

The discs' own checklists select Gray Monjita at 8 localities.

Historical checklist localities on the disc's own area map — the red dots the original program drew, placed by its recovered projection. Not a range map: it shows the places whose checklists record the bird, nothing more.

How the map was made

The original program computed each red dot at display time from the locality's coordinates, using its map library and one of five base maps drawn for the screen widths of the day. That library's projection — an oblique rotation of the sphere about the map's own centre, 23.7°S 47.4°W — was read from the program and checked against the graticule the same program drew into the base maps: it reproduces every grid intersection to within about a pixel. The dots here use that projection on the 1280-pixel base map, with the coordinates the discs record. Nothing was placed by hand, no modern map data was used, and a place whose coordinate is incomplete, out of range or beyond the map's edge is listed rather than guessed.

The discs carried location maps only; none shows a distribution or range.

Voice

A sequence of high 'plit's increasing in pitch and speed of sequence (cut #1) . In addition, Ridgely mentions a "pretty, whistled song-'peee, preeu'". Sick mentions a 'PEEa'.

Behavior

Conspicuously perching on fence posts, small trees an bushes, engages in perch to ground sallies and aerial hawks. Has a strong flight adapted to the sometimes high winds.

Habitat and status

Quite common in any type of open country. Around farms, campo and cerrado and has expanded to the coast due to deforestation. On migration appears in metropolitan areas (³⁰).

Distribution

Throughout. Up to over 2000 meters in the mountains. Serra Mantiqueira (¹⁵). On the altiplano recorded from Itapetininga and São Miguel Arcanjo (⁴⁰), but can show up anywhere. Also at sea level near Iguape (⁴⁰), Rio de Janeiro (³⁰).

Decoded from the disc's own bytes. Each part is shown under the heading the disc files it under, and the wording, spelling and punctuation are the author's.

Vocalizations

Song. Cornell Cat#19876. Cabanha São Martim, Bage, Rio Grande do Sul, 1/12/77. Recording by W. Belton.

Recording files on the disc

294.wav Song. Cornell Cat#19876. Cabanha São Martim, Bage, Rio Grande do Sul, 1/12/77. Recording by W. Belton.

More images

Flight pattern Disc 3 · 2006

Across the three discs

The work was published on three discs — Disc 2 in 2001, Disc 3 in 2006 and Disc 1 in 2011. Where they differ, that is a difference between historical releases, and it is never merged away. The 2011 disc is not treated as correcting the earlier ones.

Which discs list this bird

Disc 2 · 2001 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 3 · 2006 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 1 · 2011 — in this disc's bird list

How that was established

Disc 2 · 2001: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 3 · 2006: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 1 · 2011: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1

The disc's own record fields that place the bird on its list: a non-empty entry in the species table, and the byte that marks it as selected on a local checklist.

The account in the Disc 1 · 2011 revision

The 2011 Disc 1 revision carries this account text unchanged from the Disc 3 release.

The work's own taxonomy

The discs carried three parallel name schemes. All three are shown as recovered; none is a modern taxonomy and none has been updated.

Scheme	Scientific name	English name	Family
WORLD	xolmis cinerea	Gray Monjita	Tyrannidae,Fluvicolinae
CLEMENTS	xolmis cinerea	Gray Monjita	Tyrannidae,Fluvicolinae
AOU_HM	xolmis cinerea	Gray Monjita	Tyrannidae,Fluvicolinae

Source details

Identifier on this site: seb_species_0252
Account identifier: seb_account_0252
Account number on the disc: 252
Source edition: CD03 / 2006 package
Original taxonomy scheme: WORLD
Structure status: heuristic; decoded_account_text and segment JSON remain authoritative