Yellow-chinned Spinetail

5.5 Uniformly reddish-brown above with a faint grayish superciliary stripe. Wing coverts reddish chestnut. Paler rufous on tail. A sulphur-yellow patch on the upper throat otherwise white below, tinged buffy cinnamon at the crissum. <NImmatures lack the yellow throat patch and are less rufous. Song "tik tik tirrrrrrrrrrr", the last syllable a dry trill of varying length, also presented as a duet. Call | "tjep tjep". Climbs around in reed warbler fashion within reed beds or high grassy vegetation. Not very secretive and relatively easy to observe. Makes a retort-shaped nest with side entrance in bushes ^30 . Common and conspicuous. Border of lagunas, swamps and brooks in reedbeds, bushy areas and areas with grass and bushes. Throughout. To about 500 meters. 3367 Song, duet. Pirapora, 11<10>13<10>98. Sunny, 27<91>C. Reeds near laguna. With /Vanellus chilensis, Furnarius rufus .: 12110 Calls. Picinguaba, east of Ubatuba, 11<10>21<10>98. Cloudy, light rain, 20<91>C. Swamp within forest.: 7792 Call. Cornell Cat 20055. Lagoinhas, Tijucas, Parana, 12<10>29<10>78. Clear with ground fog. With /Elaenia mesoleuca, Attila phoenicurus . Recording by William Belton.: 10140 Song. Fazenda Intervales, 10<10>25<10>00. Sunny, 25<91>C. Open reed bed.: 8839 >: