Robust Woodpecker

32-37 cm. Male has the entire head, small crest, and neck to uppermost breast bright red: a black and white spot on the lower rear of the ear coverts: Upperparts whitish, tinged pale buff. Wings and wing coverts black with small rusty spots on the inner webs of the flight feathers. Tail black. Underparts buff, barred black. Underwing blackish brown with rufous buff coverts and spots on the flight feathers. <NThe female lacks the oval ear covert spot and has a white moustachial stripe bordered with black above and a blackish chin. A nasal "kew vocalizations 4 and 5 , possibly a descending fast "kekekekekeke" belongs to this species vocalization 2 . Drumming is a double tap "plopop" vocalization 1 and 3 . Forages alone or in pairs at all levels of larger dead and living trees. September-October. Uncommon in humid forest, araucaria forest with large trees. Throughout. In Estado S<C4>o Paulo found inland and closer to the coast at<8E>Sete Barras, Cananeia, Subauma, Ubatumirim, PE Carlos Botelho, Fazenda Intervales, PE Jacupiranga, Itarar<CA> ^119 , Serra Mantiqueira Remold, unpubl. , Campos do Jord<C4>o, S<C4>o Sebastiao ^40 . No information from Estado Rio de Janeiro ^40 . To 2000 meters 10940 Drumming. 10<10>26<10>99, Serra da Mantiqueira, near Hotel do Ype. Clear, 25<91>C. Forest.: 15888 Calls 80 possibility . Rio Do<C8>e, 11<10>4<10>00. Cloudy, 25<91>C. Primary forest. With /Pionus maximiliani, Megarhynchus pitangua, Crypturellus noctivagus .: 9738 Tapping. Rio Do<C8>e 11<10>3<10>00. Cloudy, 20<91>C. Primary forest.: 7656 Calls, T. A. Parker, Jr., LNS22115.: 2536 Call, P. Isler, LNS48312.: 389 > :