Scaly-headed Parrot

pionus maximiliani

Psittacidae,Nestorinae\x00in part) · New World Parrots

Disc 2 · 2001 listed
Disc 3 · 2006 listed
Disc 1 · 2011 listed

The account

Description

25-29 cm. Forehead and crown blackish brown. White crescents above and below eye. The rest of the head, nape and upper back greenish bronze with dark edgings to the feathers giving a scaly effect. Lower back and wings dull green. Throat and upper breast dull blue going into yellowish-green. Undertail coverts and tail basally red, the outer tail feathers blue, the central tail feathers green.

Immature has a paler green head and less blue on the breast.

The disc records this picture against the bird without a caption. Disc 3 · 2006

Where it was recorded

The discs' own checklists select Scaly-headed Parrot at 27 localities.

Historical checklist localities on the disc's own area map — the red dots the original program drew, placed by its recovered projection. Not a range map: it shows the places whose checklists record the bird, nothing more. 1 recorded locality lies beyond the map's edge and is listed below instead.1 has no usable coordinate and is listed below unplotted.

Angra dos Reis ANRB
Barreiro Rico BRSB
Boraceia BOSB
Campos do Jordão CASB
Fazenda Intervales FASB
Fazenda Paraiso PASB
Ilha do Cardoso ILSB
Ilha São Sebastião SSSB
Jureia-Peruibe JUSB position not recoverable
Lencois LESB
Marica MRRB
Morro do Diabo MOSB outside the map
Nucleo Sta. Virginia NUSP
Parati PARB
Pariquera-Abaixo PESB
PE Carlos Botelho PCSB
PE Jacupiranga PJSB
Reserva Ecológica Guapiacú RERB
Rio de Janeiro RIRB
Serra Bocaina SESB
Serra da Cantareira SRSB
Serra dos Orgãos SRRB
Serra dos Tucanos SDTC
Serras de Japi e Ermida SDSB
Sete Barras STSB
Ubatuba UBSB
Vassununga VASB

How the map was made

The original program computed each red dot at display time from the locality's coordinates, using its map library and one of five base maps drawn for the screen widths of the day. That library's projection — an oblique rotation of the sphere about the map's own centre, 23.7°S 47.4°W — was read from the program and checked against the graticule the same program drew into the base maps: it reproduces every grid intersection to within about a pixel. The dots here use that projection on the 1280-pixel base map, with the coordinates the discs record. Nothing was placed by hand, no modern map data was used, and a place whose coordinate is incomplete, out of range or beyond the map's edge is listed rather than guessed.

The discs carried location maps only; none shows a distribution or range.

Voice

Calls loud and raucous based on the syllable 'jak'. 'Jajak jajak or 'jajajak'. A sitting individual uttered a loud 'goe goe goe' (vocalization # 6).

Behavior

Forages for fruits in the canopy of trees in flocks. Has been found to eat legumens, Mimosaceae, Caesalpinaceae and Euphorbiaceae (¹²⁰).

Breeding

Nest in hole of tree, November in São Paulo (¹²⁰).

Habitat and status

Common in primary and secondary rain forest and forest edge. In Araucaria dominated forest south of São Paulo. In dryer forest inland. Also disturbed forests with interspersed open areas.

Distribution

Throughout, to 1500 meters.

Taxonomy notes

The race melanoblepharus in Southeast Brazil is very dark and appears blackish from a distance.

Decoded from the disc's own bytes. Each part is shown under the heading the disc files it under, and the wording, spelling and punctuation are the author's.

Vocalizations

Calls. Fazenda Intervales, 11/30/97. Sunny, 27°C. Secondary forest. With Schiffornis virescens.
Calls. Fazenda Intervales, 11/30/97. Sunny, 27°C. Primary forest.
Call. Cananeia, 10/14/99. Cloudy, 22°C. Forest.
Call. 10/22/99, Serra da Mantiqueira, Tres Picos Trail. Clear, 25°C. Primary forest.
Calls. 10/27/99, Campos do Jordão, road to São Jose dos Alpes. Clear, 25°C. Open forest. With Amazona vinacea, Cyclarhis gujanensis, Turdus rufiventris.
Call of single sitting individual. Rio Doçe, 11/4/00. Cloudy, 25°C. Primary forest edge. With Campephilus robustus, Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus, Megarhynchus pitangua.

Recording files on the disc

7372.mp3 Calls. Fazenda Intervales, 11/30/97. Sunny, 27°C. Secondary forest. With Schiffornis virescens.
6812.mp3 Calls. Fazenda Intervales, 11/30/97. Sunny, 27°C. Primary forest.
13541.mp3 Call. Cananeia, 10/14/99. Cloudy, 22°C. Forest.
10242.mp3 Call. 10/22/99, Serra da Mantiqueira, Tres Picos Trail. Clear, 25°C. Primary forest.
3356.mp3 Calls. 10/27/99, Campos do Jordão, road to São Jose dos Alpes. Clear, 25°C. Open forest. With Amazona vinacea, Cyclarhis gujanensis, Turdus rufiventris.
15677.mp3 Call of single sitting individual. Rio Doçe, 11/4/00. Cloudy, 25°C. Primary forest edge. With Campephilus robustus, Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus, Megarhynchus pitangua.

Across the three discs

The work was published on three discs — Disc 2 in 2001, Disc 3 in 2006 and Disc 1 in 2011. Where they differ, that is a difference between historical releases, and it is never merged away. The 2011 disc is not treated as correcting the earlier ones.

Which discs list this bird

Disc 2 · 2001 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 3 · 2006 — in this disc's bird list
Disc 1 · 2011 — in this disc's bird list

How that was established

Disc 2 · 2001: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 3 · 2006: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1
Disc 1 · 2011: aux_nonzero;local_checklist_byte45_flag_1

The disc's own record fields that place the bird on its list: a non-empty entry in the species table, and the byte that marks it as selected on a local checklist.

The account in the Disc 1 · 2011 revision

The 2011 Disc 1 revision carries this account text unchanged from the Disc 3 release.

The work's own taxonomy

The discs carried three parallel name schemes. All three are shown as recovered; none is a modern taxonomy and none has been updated.

Scheme	Scientific name	English name	Family
WORLD	pionus maximiliani	Scaly-headed Parrot	Psittacidae,Nestorinae\x00in part)
CLEMENTS	pionus maximiliani	Scaly-headed Parrot	Psittacidae,Nestorinae(in part)
AOU_HM	pionus maximiliani	Scaly-headed Parrot	Psittacidae,Nestorinae(in part)

Source details

Identifier on this site: seb_species_0032
Account identifier: seb_account_0032
Account number on the disc: 32
Source edition: CD03 / 2006 package
Original taxonomy scheme: WORLD
Structure status: heuristic; decoded_account_text and segment JSON remain authoritative